Which Dubai developers are government-owned versus private?

Government-related developers include Emaar (linked to Investment Corporation of Dubai), plus Nakheel, Meraas, Dubai Properties and Dubai South, with Nakheel and Meraas now under Dubai Holding. Major private developers include DAMAC, Sobha, Danube, Binghatti, Azizi and Ellington. Both categories operate under the same RERA and escrow rules, so ownership signals scale and backing more than legal protection.